如何從大花塞的顏色看故障

How to see the failure from the color of the big flower plug

火花塞技術狀態的好壞直接影響汽車的點火效能；反過來說，汽車發動機技術狀況的好壞，也可以從火花塞上反映出來。工作正常的火花塞，其絕緣體裙部為赤褐色或棕紅色，兩電極表面呈赤褐色且比較潔淨。若火花塞呈下列症狀，表明發動機或火花塞工作不正常。

The technical state of spark plug directly affects the ignition performance of automobile； on the other hand， the technical status of automobile engine can also be reflected from spark plug。 The normal working spark plug， its insulation skirt is reddish brown or brown red， the surface of the two electrodes is reddish brown and relatively clean。 If the spark plug shows the following symptoms， the engine or spark plug does not work properly。

火花塞電極熔化，絕緣體呈白色。這說明汽缸內溫度過高使火花塞燒蝕。其原因可能是汽缸內積碳過多、氣門間隙過小、點火時間過遲、火花塞密封過薄、火花塞未能按規定扭矩擰緊、發動機散熱不良等。

。The spark plug electrode melts and the insulator is white。 This shows that the temperature in the cylinder is too high to cause the spark plug to erode。 The reasons may be too much carbon accumulation in the cylinder， too small valve clearance， too late ignition time， too thin seal of spark plug， failure of spark plug to tighten torque as required， poor heat dissipation of engine and so on。

火花塞電極變圓滑，絕緣體結疤。這說明發動機早燃，其原因是點火時間過早、汽油辛烷值過低、火花塞熱值過高等。

。 The spark plug electrode becomes smooth and the insulator is scarred。 This shows that the engine burns early， which is due to the premature ignition time， the low octane number of gasoline， the high calorific value of spark plug and so on。

火花塞絕緣體頂部碎裂。這說明發動機產生爆震燃燒，瞬時過高的壓力衝擊波將絕緣體擊裂。其原因是點火時間過早、汽油辛烷值過低燃燒室內嚴重積碳、溫度過高等。

。 The top of the spark plug insulator is broken。 This shows that the engine produces detonation combustion and the insulator is cracked by instantaneous high pressure shock wave。 The reason is that the ignition time is too early， the gasoline octane number is too low， the combustion chamber is serious carbon deposition， the temperature is too high and so on。

火花塞絕緣體頂部有灰黑色條紋。這說明火花塞已裂損漏氣。原因同上。

。 There are gray and black stripes on the top of the spark plug insulator。 This indicates that the spark plug has cracked and leaked。 The reasons are the same as above。

火花塞絕緣體頂端和電極間有油性沉積物。這說明潤滑油已進人汽缸參與燃燒。如僅個別火花塞有沉積物，其原因為氣門杆擋圈失效；若所有火花塞都有沉積物，則為空氣濾清器、曲軸箱通風裝置堵塞等。

。 There are oily deposits at the top of the spark plug insulator and between the electrodes。 This indicates that the lubricating oil has entered the cylinder to participate in the combustion。 If only a few spark plugs have sediment， the reason is the failure of the valve rod retaining ring； if all spark plugs have sediment， it is the air filter， crankcase ventilation device blockage and so on。

火花塞絕緣體頂端和電極間有黑色沉積物。這說明混合氣燃燒不良，主要原因是混合氣過濃，使火花塞上留下這層黑色的碳煙層。

。 There is black sediment at the top of the spark plug insulator and between the electrodes。 This shows that the mixture burns badly， mainly because the mixture is too thick， leaving this black soot layer on the spark plug。

火花塞絕緣體頂端和電極間有灰色沉積物。這通常是因汽油質量不符合要求、汽油中的新增劑燃燒後生成的產物，這類沉積物會降低火花塞的點火效能。

。 There is gray sediment at the top of the spark plug insulator and between the electrodes。 This is usually due to the fact that the quality of gasoline does not meet the requirements，The product of the additive in gasoline after combustion， this kind of sediment will reduce the ignition performance of spark plug。

火花塞絕緣體裙部和電極外表潮溼，且有生油味。這說明該缸高壓線無電或電能微弱；或火花塞故障，導致該缸斷火。

。 Spark plug insulator skirt and electrode appearance wet， and oil flavor。 This indicates that the high voltage line of the cylinder has no electricity or weak electric energy， or the spark plug fails， resulting in the fire breaking of the cylinder。